【注释】: ① 万山:襄阳西北十里,又称方山、蔓山、汉皋山等。一作“兰山”,误。张五:一作张子容,兄弟排行不对,张子容排行第八。 ② 北山:万山在襄阳以北。 ③ 试:一作“始”。“心随”一句:又作“心飞逐鸟灭”、“心随飞雁灭”、“心随鸟飞灭”等。 ④ 清秋:一作“清境”。 ⑤ 平沙:又作“沙行”。 ⑥ 舟:又作“洲”。 【评析】: 这是一首临秋登高远望,怀念旧友的诗。开头四句,先点自悦,然后登山望张 五;五、六两句点明秋天节气;七、八两句写登山望见山下之人;九、十两句,写远 望所见;最后两句写自己的希望。 全诗情随景生,以景烘情,情景交融,浑为一体。“情飘逸而真挚,景情淡而优 美。”诗人怀故友而登高,望飞雁而孤寂,临薄暮而惆怅,处清秋而发兴,自然希望 挚友到来一起共度佳节。“愁因薄暮起,兴是清秋发”,“天边树若荠,江畔洲如 月”,细细品尝,够人玩味。
ON CLIMBING ORCHID MOUNTAIN IN THE AUTUMN TO ZHANG
On a northern peak among white clouds You have found your hermitage of peace; And now, as I climb this mountain to see you, High with the wildgeese flies my heart. The quiet dusk might seem a little sad If this autumn weather were not so brisk and clear; I look down at the river bank, with homeward-bound villagers Resting on the sand till the ferry returns; There are trees at the horizon like a row of grasses And against the river's rim an island like the moon I hope that you will come and meet me, bringing a basket of wine -- And we'll celebrate together the Mountain Holiday.